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Agriculture in Bangladesh

Agriculture in Bangladesh

Agriculture in Bangladesh

Agriculture in Bangladesh

At the heart of the Bangladeshi economy is agriculture, a rich and vital sector, contributing significantly to Bangladesh's gross domestic product (GDP). This sector is very diverse and rooted in local traditions, but faces climatic and modernization challenges.

Bangladeshi agricultural sector and its economic importance

In Bangladesh, the livelihood of millions of people as well as the economic stability of the country are dependent on agriculture. Of the over US$461 billion GDP of Bangladesh in 2023, the agricultural sector contributes around 14% and employs almost 50% of the working population, making agriculture the main source of employment for Bangladeshis .

The main crops of the Bangladeshi agricultural sector

Rice is the dominant crop in Bangladesh. Its cultivation covers approximately 75% of agricultural land and makes the country the fourth largest producer of this cereal in the world. There is also jute, nicknamed “the gold of Bangladesh”, which is an important natural fiber for export. Another notable export crop is tea, mainly grown in the Sylhet and Chittagong regions. In addition, other significant crops include wheat, sugarcane, vegetables, fruits such as mangoes and lychees, and aquaculture including shrimp.

The challenges of this sector

The Bangladeshi agricultural sector faces many challenges, the major ones being climate change such as floods, cyclones and rising sea levels pose serious threats to agricultural production. Soil salinization due to saltwater intrusion also affects the fertility of coastal soils and poses a problem for the sector. Productivity efficiency is also limited by the fragmentation of land into small plots. Bangladesh is a country that has a lack of access to adequate infrastructure and modern technologies, which also poses a barrier to the development of the agricultural sector.
However, Bangladeshi agriculture seeks to adapt to these contemporary challenges while maximizing its traditional strengths. With the introduction of improved seeds, modern irrigation systems and agricultural machinery which make it possible to somewhat increase productivity.
Furthermore, the heavy dependence on a single crop, rice, also constitutes a challenge for farmers in order to diversify their crops and maximize productivity and yields.
Furthermore, economic pressures due to volatile prices of agricultural products which affect farmers' incomes, and increasing costs of agricultural inputs such as fertilizers, pesticides and seeds pose challenges for the agricultural sector of the Bangladesh.

Agriculture is undeniably the beating heart of the Bangladeshi economy, essential for the livelihood and employment of the majority of the population. Despite the significant challenges, the sector shows great resilience with initiatives to modernize, diversify crops, adopt sustainable practices and improve access to financing to strengthen agriculture.

Agriculture in Bangladesh

Agriculture in Bangladesh

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