Bell Pepper Consumption

Bell peppers are a staple in our diet, in dishes and sauces, regardless of their color. The presence of this vegetable on shelves around the world makes it a universally consumed product.

The Nutritional Benefits of Bell Peppers

Much more than a simple culinary condiment, bell peppers are a food with high nutritional value. This fruit-vegetable contains on average twice as much vitamin C as an orange, approximately 150 mg. They also provide vitamins A, B6, and E, as well as powerful antioxidants such as carotenoids, which contribute to the prevention of certain cardiovascular diseases and help fight cellular aging. These nutritional qualities, particularly their low calorie content, have largely contributed to their popularity in modern diets, particularly among health-conscious people or those who follow a balanced diet. Health professionals frequently recommend their consumption to strengthen the immune system and prevent certain metabolic diseases.

The Integration of Bell Peppers into Our Diet

Over time, bell peppers have become part of the dietary habits of various peoples.

They can be eaten raw or cooked, alone or as a side dish. In salads, grilled, stuffed, in sauces, purées, or even juices, their uses are varied. Global production of bell peppers, including sweet peppers, was approximately 36 million tons in 2022.

In Europe, bell peppers are particularly used in the famous Mediterranean diet. They are used in gazpacho, pickled peppers, and the famous ratatouille.

European consumption is estimated at 2.1 million tons per year. In Latin America, they are used as a side dish, as a sautéed vegetable or in spicy dishes. The same is true in Asia, where China leads the world in production with 17 million tons, or half of global production. Its culinary diversity encourages regular consumption, especially since peppers are available year-round on the market, thanks to greenhouse cultivation or imports.

Economic Challenges and Changing Demand

Global demand for peppers is experiencing continued growth, driven by dietary habits and the rise of international trade. Countries such as China, Mexico, the Netherlands, and Spain are among the largest producers and exporters. Trade in peppers generates considerable revenue while meeting growing demand from supermarkets, local markets, and restaurants. The global pepper market was valued at approximately €7.6 billion in 2023, with an annual growth rate of nearly 4%. Locally, this vegetable also provides a source of income for many small producers, particularly in Morocco, where exports generated approximately €700 million in 2023.

The emergence of new food trends, such as veganism and the return to natural products, is increasing interest in this vegetable. However, this sector is not immune to certain consequences, as it raises environmental issues related to the use of agricultural resources, transportation, and product packaging. Consumers are increasingly attentive to the origin of the peppers they buy, sometimes favoring short supply chains or organic production.

A closer look at this common food reveals broader issues, raising questions. In a context where global pepper consumption continues to grow, how can market demands be reconciled with the imperatives of sustainable production and the social challenges of small producers?